Island Vulnerability explores the challenges which isolated geographies face when dealing with risk and disasters by examining the processes which create, maintain, and could be used to reduce their vulnerability. This page provides photos of Funchal, Madeira, all copyright Ilan Kelman (2015).

Managing hazard: Flood channel.

Managing hazard: Flood channel.

Bridge over one of the flood channels.

Managing the hazard of enemy attacks: Fort by the sea.

Managing hazard: Shingle beach.

Managing hazard: Coastal engineering.

Hazard: The sun's radiation.

Managing hazard: Protection from the sun's radiation.

Managing risk: Vitamin D deficiency versus skin cancer.

Remembering hazard, vulnerability, and disaster: 1755.

Managing hazard: Bridge engineering.

Bridge going through Funchal.

Managing risk: A fire escape, now disused.

Funchal at night.

Gate and driveway in Funchal.

Houses of Funchal.

Funchal.

Roof of Funchal.

Damaged roof.

Night view.

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